The Genetics Of Food Crops Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Genetics Of Food Crops - Essay Example Firstly there is unintentional harm to other organisms (Such as how other animals will react to modified pollens that other organisms eat). Secondly, there is the reduced effectiveness of pesticides insofar as plants that have been modified to be pest resistant may boost the immune system of insects so that they are less affected by traditional pesticides. Thirdly there is the unintended gene transfer to other species which means cross-pollination with non-genetically modified plants. As a fourth point, there is the risk of increased allergic response to genetically modified crops. One additional point is the unknown long-term effects on human health and finally, there are economic concerns associated with massive new cheap crops that may crowd out traditional food crop growers. With all these points in consideration, one must understand that all these criticisms mean nothing to somebody that is starving to death. People who are impoverished rely heavily on inexpensive food crops. If improvements can be made to increase food output, nutritional output or reduce costs associated with growing food than it may be beneficial to the people who would best capitalize on this product. As a final point if Norman Borlaug had never made the genetic improvements to our cereal crops than according to the American Council on Science and Health (2007) that it is estimated that over a billion people would have starved to death. For his contribution, Borlaug was awarded both the Nobel Peace Prize and the Congressional Medal of Honor.

Verdi Requiem Essay Example for Free

Verdi Requiem Essay All but one of Guiseppe Verdis masterworks are operas. This poses a problem for those of us who arent opera buffs. Fortunately, though, that one exception is his stunning Requiem, into which he poured the same vibrant emotion that thrills opera fans, but without the trite plots, simplistic characters and dull narrative stretches that tend to alienate others. Indeed, more than a few critics have hailed the Requiem as Verdis finest opera. Verdis inspiration was neither religious, egotistical nor fiscal. Rather, his gesture was one of national pride. He considered the opera composer Gioacchino Rossini one of the two greatest Italian artists of his time. Four days after Rossinis death on November 13, 1868, Verdi wrote his publisher Ricordi to propose a requiem mass to be given one year later in Rossinis heartland of Bologna. Each of the twelve sections was to be written by an Italian composer, so that the result would compensate for any lack of unity with a variety of universal veneration. Verdi himself would supply the concluding section. There was to be no foreign hand, nor hand foreign to art, no matter how powerful, to help us. To avoid petty vanity, all composers and performers were to contribute their services. To avoid exploitation, the score was to be sealed in the city archives and presented only on subsequent anniversaries of Rossinis death. While all the assignments were completed in ample time, the performance never materialized, the organizing committee was disbanded, Verdi refused to allow publication or performance of his portion, and in 1873 his score was returned. He soon found another appropriate use for it. Verdis other idol was Alessandro Manzoni. Although Manzoni had written only a single novel, I promessi sposi (The Betrothed), it was so popular that the author became the leading Italian literary figure of the century. A sprawling historical tale of peasant lovers buffeted by and triumphing over the repression of society, religion and injustice, it emerged as the driving literary force of the Risorgimento movement for Italian unification. Originally published in 1827, in 1840 Manzoni rewrote it in Tuscan, which he considered the pure indigenous Italian language. William Manning notes that beneath its plot and characters, it served as a kind of stylebook of the  language of a country which though politically united was linguistically chaotic. Alessandro Manzoni (1785-1873) As a teenager, Verdi had read the book following its initial publication and came to view it as serving two complementary and ideal uses of art for social ends not only did it transcend politics to rally people by appealing to their collective roots, but its popularity served as a cultural emissary to attract the worlds attention and admiration. When he finally met Manzoni in 1868, Verdi revered him as a saint. Although Manzonis death in his 89th year was hardly unexpected, Verdi was deeply grieved. The next day he wrote to his publisher Ricordi that although he wouldnt attend the funeral, I will come in a little while to visit his tomb, alone and without being seen, and perhaps (after further meditation and after having gauged my strength) to suggest something to honor his memory. The next week Verdi made his pilgrimage, condemned the many published tributes as superficial and resolved to write a requiem, but this time without the political snags and bickering that had thwarted his Rossini project. His proposal – to write the entire mass himself if Milan would fund its first performance. Despite opposition from the city council which already had funded a lavish funeral, the mayor accepted, the San Marco church in Venice was selected as the venue for its acoustics, the convention of using a priest to recite liturgy between musical numbers was bypassed, and the Archbishop gave special permission to use female performers on condition that they be veiled, dressed in black and hidden behind a grating. Verdis project was officially titled Messa da Requiem per lanniversario della morte de Manzoni, 22 Maggio 1874 (Requiem mass for the anniversary of Manzonis death, May 22, 1874). The resulting work was indeed as dramatic as any Verdi opera. George Marek calls it a prayer for peace by a man who had devoted his music to conflict. As George Martin has noted, it is suffused with Verdis personal doubts as to the efficacy of prayer, a concern perhaps heightened by his  advancing age and fear of what lay ahead. Indeed, the Requiems very strength lies in its exploration of Verdis ambivalent views toward religion, given reign through the unparalleled sense of theatre he had developed. Guiseppi Verdi (1813 – 1901) As Cecilia Porter notes, death is a complex character in the Requiem, playing multiple roles – an object of terror, a comforter, an emancipator – fully reflecting Verdis penchant toward intensely human drama rather than a staid presentation of liturgical dogma or an intellectual effort at theological exploration (a task which Verdi, a very plain man, could never have abided). Its indeed ironic that from this simple man, with no pretension of philosophical insight, arose a work that presents a far more potent sense of sophisticated (and quite modern) theology than the religious works of most of his predecessors. Martin further notes that since a requiem is an assortment of responses and prayers without a rigidly prescribed text, and since Verdi never intended his work to be sung as part of an actual church service, he could select and emphasize portions that ran the gamut of human experience, ranging from sadness to joy, simplicity to majesty, reflection to apocalypse. As a man of the theatre, Verdi chose to fashion these disparate elements into a drama from which solos would emerge as true individuals, rather than as offshoots of the massed choir. Indeed, his use of solo voices is daringly intricate – not the decorative figures of Haydn, nor the schematic personas in Bach cantatas, but multi-faceted roles that often complicate the texture to subtly question the apparent meaning of the wording presented by the underlying choral forces. The soprano, in particular, seems to voice Verdis own ambivalent skepticism, adding emotional intensity at odds with the faith-based text and affording a wide latitude for interpretation – indeed. in their respective recordings, Elizabeth Schwartzkopf whispers the final libera me, Galina Vishnevskaya nearly chokes on those words, and Herva Nelli snarls the passage as a stern defiant demand. Of Verdis primary models, Mozart had couched his Requiem in classical order, Cherubini had dwelled on the Offeratoriums hope for deliverance and Berlioz had deployed his massive performing forces only in the intensely powerful and vivid Dies irae, Lachrymosa and Sanctus sections, projecting throughout the remaining movements a somewhat meandering overall sense of peace and contentment amid ingenious sonic effects (including quadraphonic placement of voices and brass). In contrast, Verdis score is intensely melodic, tightly focused and bristles throughout with surging passion and challenging discomfort. Why did Verdi choose a mass, rather than an oratorio of Manzonis own words, to honor his hero? After all, although severely moral, Verdi was anti-clerical and an agnostic; his wife considered him an atheist and recalled that he would laugh and call her mad when she spoke of religion. Martin suggests historical and practical motivations – masses had been used by Cherubini and Rossini to honor departed public figures and thus a work in that genre was more likely to be welcomed elsewhere. Besides, Verdi already had a large emotional investment in his contribution to the aborted Rossini venture. Perhaps on a more personal level, Verdi found an outlet in the varied text of the requiem to explore his own ambivalent faith through his inherent sense of drama.

I Have Learned to Accept My Mistakes Essay -- essays research papers

I Have Learned to Accept My Mistakes The influences that have shaped my identity are my parents, who always taught me right from wrong. Who were always there for me even though I may have disappointed them at one or more times in my life. Although, I had to quit college after only attending one semester because I got pregnant my parents were still there to guide me and support my decisions. I am a good thinker because I have grown to be honest with myself I have learned to accept my mistakes and learn from them. On the other hand, I am also like the poor thinker because I do judge people on what they wear, their attitudes, or their way of thinking. But as we all know from experience, we can’t help it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I once believed that lying was the only way out of hurting another person but after lying on many occasions not to get caught got me nowhere. I would lie on numerous times to my boyfriend that when the relationship got serious and committed he couldn’t help but throw my past lies in my face, especially during an argument. So after 2 years I have learned to always be honest regardless of the outcome. And so far it has worked to my favor.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I try not to always believe rumors I hear. Most of the time the rumors that I hear are not true, they are a minor lie that turned into a good believable story. But then again when a good rumor is heard I can’t help but to listen to it. I find it very ...

Samsung Electronics Business Plan

Samsung Electronics founded in 1969 with its headquarters in Samsung Town, Seoul, is part of the Samsung Group, which includes dozens of companies with vast interests. Through the last 40 years, the company had risen to become a global leader in the consumer electronics brands market with its innovative products such as mobile phones, TVs, and monitors. At present, Samsung Electronics leads the Samsung subsidiaries with more than 157,000 employees in their various assembly plants and sales network across 65 countries around the globe. With its revenue of $117. 4 billion in 2009, it has become one of the world class electronics company. Furthermore, Samsung Electronics industry is consumer electronics, Telecommunications and semiconductor. According to information of their corporate website, from its pioneer operations of an export business, the company has divested into electronics with specialty in digital, media, and microchips, memories, and systems integration. At present, the company’s innovative solutions on products and processes are recognized globally. The company attained a leadership position in the year 2009 when it surpassed leader Hewlett-Packard the erstwhile leader. Importantly, as a response to the downturn in the economy in 2009, Samsung Electronics of Seoul, South Korea, ‘implemented a structural reorganization to become more efficient to deal with worsening economic conditions. According to a Samsung spokeswoman Hwang Eun-ju, the changes were necessary to â€Å"effectively respond to the current global recession. † Samsung embarked on a management structural change from the sole Chief Executive Officer system, to a dual management structure with effective teams. Goals. Given revolutionary changes and opportunities digital age has brought to global businesses, Samsung electronics has and will continually respond with advanced technologies competitive products and innovativeness. Over the next five years and more, Samsung Electronics’ goal is to display unflinching commitment to making life easier and more comfortable for its consumers by taking advantage of the group’s key strengths: â€Å"New Technology,† â€Å"Innovative Products,† and â€Å"Creative Solutions. † Suffice it to say at this point that, in all the aforementioned goals, controlling cash flow and profitability will be an undertone. Products Samsung Electronics is the global leading manufacturer of memory chips, LCDs, and flat screen televisions, and is competitive in mobile manufactures. For over a decade, Samsung has maintained its leading position in microchip making. The company also manufactures an array of home appliances, TV/audio and video, cameras, and camcorders, monitors, and notebooks, and print solutions. In the area of wireless networking, Samsung Electronics developed protocols that were accepted internationally and used widely in foreign markets. Summary Organizational structure, control, and coordinating mechanisms are key variables for strategic implementation. An adaptive organizational structure facilitates changes in strategy, competitive moves, and changes in the environment. (Deresky, 2010, p. 257). Samsung Electronics which is a flagship of the Samsung group has carved a niche for its self in the consumer electronics market. Their major goal is to stay innovative to give value to their core groups- the industry, partners, and employees. In doing this however, an organizational structure that supports cash flow management and profitability will be erected to combat negative economic trends. References * Deresky, H. (2011). International management: Managing across borders and cultures (7th ed.).   Boston, MA: Prentice Hall. Samsung beats HP to pole position. Financial Times. Retrieved April 23, 2011 from http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/c48d477a-0c3b-11df-8b81-00144feabdc0.html. Samsung Electronics Background. Retrieved, April 24, 2011 from ceridian.co.uk   www.ceridian.co.uk/hr/brochures/Samsung

Recruitment Resources

In this report I will compare the purposes of all different recruitment resources documents used in the selection and recruitment process for a given organisation Job Specification What the job involves This allows the candidate to fully understand what the job role involves before apply for the job. It allows candidates to figure out if they’re suitable for the requirements which the organisation is looking for, this can normally save time if the candidate believes the job role is not suitable for them.Job title This shows the candidate what title they will be under if they are successful with the recruitment selection process. Titles are normally the same title, privileges and area of business throughout all organisations; this can give the candidate an idea of where the role is based within the organisation. Department This is an important bit of information that is on the job description, this shows the candidate what type of area the role is based within in the business.C andidates normally have a preferred area of business which they want to enter within, candidates usually apply for specific departments when searching for vacancies, it allows candidates not to waste time for applying for roles in which departments they wish not to enter. Responsible To This explains to the candidates whom they will be responsible for, who will be their first point of contact if a problem occurs. It allows the candidate to understand where in the hierarchy they will be based within the organisation. Scope of the postThis is what is expected from the candidate if they receive the job offer and accept the offer. It explains the most important aspects of the role for the candidate to understand if they feel up to the requirements. Education and qualifications Employers use this heading to explain to the candidates which qualifications they would prefer the candidate to have. The qualifications normally relate to the nature of the role which can impact the motivation of the candidate if they had received the role. Name of complier and approverThis states who created the application for the candidate and who will be checking the application after it has been submitted to the organisation. Date of issue This can be useful for candidates to view when the vacancy role to see when the organisation had published the vacancy. It can show if the vacancy has been online for period of time, or is a brand new role being published. Person Specification Job Title and Reference Number and Management Responsibilities This information in the person specification is an important need to know information for the candidate to understand what they are applying for.Reference numbers are important to keep track of what job role you’re applying for since every role will have a different reference number, so you can always find your way back to the role. When talking to the organisation, they normally ask for the reference number to find the vacancy information fo r interviews etc. It’s also important to let the candidate understand what responsibilities they will adhere too, such as running a team, budget etc. Attainments and Qualifications This is the information which allows the candidate to understand if they are suitable for the role with the requirements that are set by the organisation.This is normally required for a known knowledgeable job which requires the candidate to fully understand the area of work. Organisations normally set a minimum level of qualifications, such as minimum C in Maths GCSE. General Intelligence This is placed within the person specification to notify what skills and knowledge the organisation would rather the candidate have, such as communication and people skills. The skills noted in the person specification usually relate to the nature of the job role. TemperamentThis is explained to the candidate in which type of temperament they would prefer from a candidate in the job role. These can normally inclu de friendly, cool under pressure and patient. Customer Assistants need to ensure that their temperament is suitable for dealing with angry and needy customers. Location of Role This tells the candidate where the role is located within the organisations hierarchy. This is important for the candidate as they would want to understand if they are higher than another department, and if they are responsible for any other staff members.Hobbies and Interests Organisations normally state what type of person they would prefer to fill their job role, this normally allows candidates to understand if they are suitable or not before progressing through the recruitment process. Previous Experience Organisations ask this to ensure the candidate has previous experience in a possible related role. Some organisations normally require previous experience so full training is not required, however most organisations offer training to ensure that the candidate is fully aware of the companies procedures et c. Letter of ApplicationThe letter of application is paragraphs putting together the job description and the person specification to make out the best of the candidate in a simple sentence which really sells the candidate. The letter of application needs to ensure that it includes all the relevant information, skills and knowledge required for the specific job role. It should also include positive skills which can then sell the candidate and then the organisation can try match their vacancy requirements to the letter of application. If they fit well together, the recruitment selection process will begin the candidate.

Dental Assisting Health Profession Essay Example

Dental Assisting Health Profession Essay Example Dental Assisting Health Profession Paper Dental Assisting Health Profession Paper I choose dental assisting because I have always wanted to work in a Health profession. I enjoy working with people and I like the â€Å"team atmosphere† approach of a dental office. Dental assisting is becoming an exciting career as dental laws are changing and the role of the assistant is increasing in regards to patient care. There are also many jobs available for dental assistants and also a wide variety of options. Dental assistants can choose to work in private practices, insurance companies, federal and state funded health programs, public health departments as well as teaching community colleges or universities. It is possible to become a dental assistant with no formal training. However most job duties would include in cleaning treatment rooms, setting up rooms for procedures and basic dental assisting. There are one year traing programs available for dental assistants. To enter these programs a high school diploma or GED is required. This is a full time program. Classes are usually from eight a. m. to five p. m. Monday thru Friday. In the last eight weeks of the program, students are assigned to work in local dental offices to gain additional experience. A minimal high school GPA of 2. 0 is required to enter the program at community colleges. Science courses are helpful but not required. Upon satisfactory completion of an accredited program, or having met the work experience requirements, and holding current cardiopulmonary resuscitation certification you are eligible to sit for the certification examination given by the Dental Assisting National Board (DANB). Examinations are given in several specialty areas like, chairside assisting, practice management and oral surgery assisting. If you are successful and pass the examination you may use the title Certified Dental Assistant (CDA) followed by your area of specialization. Certification carries with it the prestige of knowledge and the ability to apply it; however it is in no sense a degree, nor does it hold any legal status except in those states recognizing it under their dental practice acts. After completing the one year general dentistry program UNC-CH also offers additional six month training courses, if a dental assistant would like to specialize in an specific field such as, periodontics, prosthodontics, orthodontics, endodontics, pedidontics. A pedodontist specializes in the preventive in therapeutic care of children from birth through adolescence and also treats people with handicaps and special needs. A prosthodontist fits and designs bridge work and dentures to replace missing teeth. They also design substitutes for missing oral tissues. A orthodontist prescribes and fits appliances to straighten crooked or badly spaced teeth and to correct the bite and alignment of the jaws. . An Endodontist treats disease of the dental pulp, usually with root canal therapy. A periodontist which treats gum disease. A public health dentist works with communities as a public educator in the prevention and treatment of dental disease. Currently, there is a high demand for good dental assistants. As time goes on, the role of the dental assistant is changing. Almost every year it seems as if they have an increased role with patient care. For example in the past four years it has become legal for dental assistants to polish teeth. The range of duties varies from state to state. The following is a list of duties that are allowed by a certified dental assistant: making radiographic exposures, taking impressions for opposing study casts, retracting gingival prior to impression procedures, placing and removing periodontal and surgical dressings, removing sutures, applying topical anesthetics, assisting in the administration of nitrous oxide (laughing gas) or sedation, providing oral health insurance, applying anticariogentic agents topically, taking impressions for cast restorations, taking impressions for space maintainers, orthodontic appliances and Occlusal guards, placing and removing rubber dams, placing and removing sedative or temporary restorations and crowns, removing excess cement form coronal surfaces of teeth, preparing teeth for bonding by etching, applying pit and fissure sealants, applying cavity liners and bases and performing additional functions that may be delegated within specialties. Upon satisfactory completion of an accredited program, or having met the work experience requirements, and holding current cardiopulmonary resuscitation certification you are eligible to sit for the certification examination given by the Dental Assisting National Board (DANB). Examinations are given in several specialty areas like, chairside assisting, practice management and oral surgery assisting. If you are successful and pass the examination you may use the title Certified Dental Assistant (CDA) followed by your area of specialization. Certification carries with it the prestige of knowledge and the ability to apply it; however it is in no sense a degree, nor does it hold any legal status except in those states recognizing it under their dental practice acts. The salaries of dental assistants varies depending on job experience. You can have on the job training, however you cannot do expanded functions if you don’t go through a training program. On the job training starting salary is from 14,000 – 16,000 dollars annually. The expected salary in three to five years is 18,000 – 19,500 dollars annually. For certified dental assistants recent graduate would earn between 20,000 – 21,000 dollars annually. The expected salary in three to five years would be 23,000 – 25,000 dollars annually. Salaries also vary depending on what type o f dentist you work with. Specialist usually pay more. Especially Orthodontist and Endodontist. This is usually because they have a lower overhead and higher fees for services rendered. Most dentist offer a good benefit package in addition to salaries. The packages usually includes paid vacations, 401-K retirement, profit sharing, uniform allowance and sick days. Again this varies among dentist. As shown in previous paragraphs, dental assisting does provide a variety of options for this field of work. However, before choosing dental assisting as career, it would be helpful to observe in a local dental office to see if it is really something you want to do. Dentist and staff are more than helpful and encourage those interested to do so. Usually your personal dentist is willing to do this. Dental assisting instructors are very willing to meet with perspective students as well.

How to Write a Cause and Effect Essay on Evolutionary Biology

How to Write a Cause and Effect Essay on Evolutionary Biology When you want to write about the â€Å"whys and whats† on a specific topic related to Evolutionary Biology , you are actually tasked with understanding the cause and effect of that particular topic/subject. This is what writing a cause and effect essay is all about. You are indeed telling your audience the whats and whys of a specific subject and sharing your own thoughts and opinions along with it. Let’s take two quick examples here: Why Should People Spend Most of their Time Reading Books? What are the Effects of Artificial Sweeteners on our Bodily Health? You must have a pretty good idea by now. There are only three techniques to organize and outline a cause and effect essay. In order for readers to know they’re reading a cause and effect essay on Evolutionary Biology, you must follow one of these outlines to assure that your content is the way it should be, format-wise: 1. Multiple Causes, One Effect Pattern When you have to explain multiple causes that result in a singular effect, this is the pattern you should be using in your writing. In this pattern, you explain the cause that took place and then talk about its effects. You do this repeatedly according to the causes that you have on board. 2. One Cause, Multiple Effects Pattern In some cases, you might want to describe one cause and how it led to multiple effects. If that’s the case, choosing this method is your best option. In this pattern, you explain the cause, why and how it took place and then share multiple effects that ensued. Remember, describe the effects and the cause thoroughly and make a chain so that it’s readable and the reader can maintain a link between the cause and the effects it produced. 3. Domino Pattern or Causal Chain Finally, the third and last pattern is the afore-mentioned one which is the most commonly used patterns by students. It’s also recommended by many professors because it provides a smooth flow of language and retains the attention of a reader. Here’s how it goes: In this pattern, you first discuss the cause that took place and then describe the effect it had, backed by and reasoning and explanations. Then again, you discuss another cause and describe the effects that followed. This is how the rest of the essay follows; depending on how much you want to write on Evolutionary Biology , it can be a really long essay or a short one. Writing a cause and effect essay on Evolutionary Biology by following any of these patterns would ensure that your essay is readable, understandable and retains the attention of the reader, making him/her aware of what you are talking about. It’s highly recommended that you use transitions between the causes and effects to blend in words more naturally and make the flow even smoother. Here are examples of such transitions: So, Since, Because, As, One reason why Consequently, There are several other reasons as well; in fact†¦ Keep in mind that without a good conclusion, your essay won’t make a good impression on your readers. In order to make sure your essay is well-written and admirable, you should restate your thesis and highlight your own feelings and thoughts about Evolutionary Biology. That’s it! After reading our guides 10 facts on a cause and effect essay on evolutionary biology and 20 topics with a sample essay, you will be equipped to write a superb cause and effect essay on evolutionary biology on your own, without any flaws or hurdles whatsoever.

The Broken Record

The Broken Record Hate to sound like a broken record, but when I saw this quote, I hopped back up on that bandwagon I call diligence. Eighty percent of success is showing up.†Ã‚  - Woody Allen People are awfully sweet in complimenting me about my business savvy and ability to promote. Behind the scenes my husband shakes his head at my income. (You deserve to be paid more than you get for the time you invest.) Writers incomes are decreasing because of the huge number of writers in the mix, the ridiculous cost of ebooks which floods the market with free reading material, and the SEO writers around the world still willing to work for a penny a word. However, I cannot imagine not showing up to work each day. I love reading, writing, creating, and rubbing elbows with people who feel the same. So daily I rise and hit the keyboard. My duties include: 1) Researching material for FundsforWriters 2) Setting up appearances 3) Prepping material for online and in-person appearances 4) Tending social media and email 5) Writing on a novel 6) Seeking methods of promotion 7) Freelancing as the opportunities arise 8) Making notes about future books/articles To me they are all intermingled. One feeds the other, and frankly I love getting up and changing my mind as to what Ill do that day. But the bottom line is I show up every day. I write every day. During Thanksgiving, one of my sons asked, What have you done lately with your writing, because I know youve accomplished something new. You always do. Some days, however, I think its all for naught. Especially when I see others succeeding more than  me, or I hear nothing but negative on a given day; or worse, theres this big void of no response at all. But then a day dawns beautifully when I realize my work made it into another magazine, a book was chosen for an event/review/feature, my website landed me a public appearance. Some days I receive no reviews for my books, then other days I receive ten. This job is a yo-yo of the highest order. However, we never appreciate those grand days if we arent showing up for ALL days. Writing is a game of diligence, and while some days it feels like you are headed nowhere, in actuality, you are wearing down the resistance. The day will come when you realize all those thankless days of nothing were piling up and becoming days of worthiness.

Natural Gas and Oil Horizontal Drilling Technology Thesis

Natural Gas and Oil Horizontal Drilling Technology - Thesis Example As the discussion declares the increased popularity of horizontal drilling led to substantive growths in the achievable length of horizontal boreholes. Currently, horizontal displacements can extend to more than 8,000 feet. On the other hand, technicians have been unable to demonstrate the commercial feasibility of horizontal drilling and wells used in the production of natural gas, although several horizontal wells have previously been used in the production of coal seam gas. According to the report findings an accepted description of what constitutes horizontal drilling has not been written. However, the following is a notable definition that combines the vital components of two noteworthy published definitions: horizontal drilling refers to a process of drilling and implementing, for the purpose of production, a well, which starts as a vertical linear bore, which extends from the earth surface to a sub layer location above the oil or gas reservoir. This target is referred to as the kickoff point, and the extension bears off a curve to traverse the reservoir at the well’s entry point. Thereafter, the arch continues at an almost horizontal attitude tangent to the curve to remain in the reservoir partially or wholly till the required bottom hole location is attained. The mechanical purpose of horizontal drilling is to uncover significantly additional reservoir rocks to a well bore surface than attainable through drilling traditional vertical wells.

Source Integration Task Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Source Integration Task - Essay Example This has also been maintained that it compels high schools to reduce the range of subjects they teach which is also shown as a significant limitation of the current entrance exam system. Further, university entrance exams of the day cause unreasonable stress on young people. To sum all these arguments up, the university entrance exams should be abolished because they reduce education to the simple memorizing of information, force high schools to reduce the range of subjects they teach, and cause unreasonable stress on young people. University entrance exams also result in limiting the content that high schools teach to their students. Significantly, one of the most essential defects of the current entrance exam system has been that the high schools are forced to reduce the range of subjects they teach as they need more to focus on the university entrance exam syllabus. It is natural for every high school to expect its students to enter the best schools for their further studies. In the attempt to help the students pass the entrance exams and secure admission in the best schools, the high schools are forced to concentrate on the topics of these exams and ultimately sacrifice broad range of subjects. That is to say, these high schools are forced to dedicate the depth of learning to focus on exam content only in order to secure pass in the entrance exams. However, it cannot be ignored that such an educational practice contributes too little for the overall development of the students. On the other hand, such narr ow-based education limits the benefits of education and it does more harm than good. It is indubitable that a system of broad-based education is needed by young learner’s intellectual development and it is important to provide such a curriculum to the overall development of the students. Therefore, it is important to realize the current

Economic benefits of having a competition policy at the EU level Essay

Economic benefits of having a competition policy at the EU level - Essay Example rging of large companies in the market place could create a monopoly for them pushing the prices of their products and jeopardizing the interests of consumers. The EU commission keeps a check on this and safeguards the interests of users so that large companies cannot take undue advantage of their large controlling market share in the business. Elf Aquitaine and TotalFina were the major players in the French petroleum market and their merger would have created a monopoly kind of situation controlling almost 60 percent of the service stations on French motorways. The merged entity would have become the largest supplier of liquid petroleum gas (LPG). This would have certainly pushed up the prices to harm the consumers. As a solution, Elf/TotalFina proposed to sell 70 service stations to competitors. On this consideration, EU commission allowed the conditional merger ensuring that consumers continue to get products at fair price. The EU has the right to investigate the mergers with a so le aim of community protection at large. The case of merger of pharmaceutical companies Pfizer and Pharmacia is worth enumerating, when commission noted that this may have an adverse impact on competition and consumers may not have sufficient choice on certain drugs. As a solution, merger companies proposed transferring some of the drugs to competitors that was agreed by EU commission protecting the interests of drug users. Similar was the case of merger of Sanofi and Synthelabo when two pharmaceutical companies sold off some of the products such as antibiotics, sedatives and vitamin drugs to competitors to take a clearance from EU commission for proposed merger between them. Thus, EU commission investigates all the large mergers, which may have adverse effect on the consumers. The EU...This paper is the best example of thorough analysis of the current state of competition policy, existing in the EU. There are certain benefits to consumers of having a competition policy at the EU le vel. The EU competition commission aims at opening up competition in formerly restricted areas, checks mergers and acquisitions for compliance with antitrust rules, tries to prevent certain business practices which could restrict competition. The EU competition also works toward removing financial support to companies by EU governments, and it brings international cooperation among other competition authorities to mitigate the detrimental effects of cartel and mergers taking place outside EU. In the past, transport, telecommunications, postal services and energy were not open to competition. The objective of EU commission was to liberalize these sectors and let the competitive forces decide the quality of services. This helps consumers to have improved services at economical prices. Merging of large companies in the market place could create a monopoly for them pushing the prices of their products and jeopardizing the interests of consumers. The EU commission keeps a check on this and safeguards the interests of users so that large companies cannot take undue advantage of their large controlling market share in the business A free market is a necessity for fair play but sometimes it happens that in a free market companies in the similar business form a cartel and try to avoid competition. The antitrust laws enacted by EU commission come into force to protect the consumer interests when companies try to restrict the competition.

Research Brief for HR Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Research Brief for HR Development - Essay Example Training employees on team building will improve their skills, knowledge and attitudes in the workplace especially for a certain task. It will also make the employees open to each other thus increasing the confidence at work place. â€Å"The make versus Buy† decisions are the best available resources that HRD will use in the program. These includes resources that will be use to assist with conducting needs assessment, guiding the employees in implementing the program, provision of supplemental training materials and selecting a trainer who will train the employees (Lee & Bruvold, 2003). Therefore, in the selection of a trainer it is important for HRD to outsource because most of the time the organizations do not have the expertise of designing the programs in-house. The trainer may be outsourced from a consulting firm and selecting in terms of credentials, experience, cost, and philosophy. Objectives must be set in order to show the performance in which the HRD wants its employees to achieve and exhibit before they consider them as competent. The trainer should have knowledge and varied skills that are designed and implemented in the program. When the trainer prepares an advanced level of expertise, the train will be an effective one. It is good to use different training methods and techniques. The trainer translates the objectives of the program in an executable training session and a training guide in order for the team-building program to success (Lee & Bruvold, 2003). In summary, activities that are involved in the implementation processes of an HRD program such as team building include assessing the needs of employees and areas that need development to better serve the needs. The second phase is that HRD is to design the intended benefits of the program, which include performance improvement and behaviour change of the employees (Vinaya, Mahatab & Kumar, 2013). The final activity is to

Inherited disease and pre-natal investigations Essay

Inherited disease and pre-natal investigations - Essay Example On the other hand, cystic fibrosis and sickle-cell anaemia are autosomal recessive which means that the diseases require two mutated copies of the specific gene to be inherited by the offspring, one each from either parent, in order to have the disease. Persons who inherit only one copy of a recessive mutation are carriers for the disease trait. The genetic or chromosomal abnormalities in the foetus can be identified through prenatal investigations in pregnant women. Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling (CVS) are two standard prenatal tests commonly performed during the first and second trimester of pregnancy. Generally, amniocentesis is done at 15-18 weeks' gestation and CVS at 10-12 weeks' gestation (Olney et al., 2001). Both are invasive screening procedures which are associated with risks to the foetus. Amniocentesis consists of removal of a small quantity of the amniotic fluid with the help of a hollow needle inserted into the uterus through the abdominal wall while CVS i nvolves biopsy of the placental cells (ScienceDaily, 2006). The foetal cells thus obtained are further analysed for genetic abnormalities. 2. Briefly explain what Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is. What characteristic smell is associated with MSUD? Describe briefly why keto-acids are present in MSUD. Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD), a branched-chain ketoaciduria, is a metabolism disorder caused by a gene defect (Haldeman-Englert, 2009). It is an autosomal recessive disease. Urine in this condition generally smells like maple syrup. As the primary defect in this disease lies in the genes related to the oxidative decarboxylation enzymes involved in the metabolism of the branched-chain amino acids such as leucine, isoleucine, and valine, there is an accumulation of the keto acids in the blood. The branched-chain keto acids (BCKA) accumulating in MSUD are ?-ketoisocaproic acid, ?-ketoisovaleric acid, and ?-keto-?-methylvaleric acid (Funchal et al., 2005). 3. Explain the terms: Matern al PKU Biopterin deficiency The term maternal phenylketonuria (PKU) refers to the teratogenic effects of PKU during pregnancy. It is a genetic condition in which the high levels of phenylalanine during pregnancy in women with PKU can increase the risk of mental retardation, low birth weight, and birth defects in the newborn (GDSP Medical Terminology Glossary, 2010). Biopterin deficiency or tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) deficiency comprises of heterogeneous autosomal recessive disorders. BH4 is a the cofactor for phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase, tyrosine-3-hydroxylase, and tryptophan-5-hydroxylase. Hence, the deficiencies are characterised by an imbalance in phenylalanine homeostasis, brain biosynthesis of catecholamine and serotonin (Scheinfeld and Jones, 2010). Like PKU, BH4 deficiencies impair developmental function. Some of the variants of BH4 deficiencies may be detected with PKU screening tests. 4. What is aminiotic fluid, and what does it mean when it produces a high salt content? The amniotic fluid is a clear, watery fluid that is found in the amniotic cavity. It is made up of the fluid that filters out of the maternal blood through the amniotic epithelium into the amniotic cavity as well as foetal constituents including urine, and exudates from the skin, the umbilical cord, the lungs and the kidneys (Trofatter, Jr. 2008). The osmolality (which is a measure of the amount of

Wilsons & Clyde Coal Company v English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Wilsons & Clyde Coal Company v English - Essay Example The tug captain, who was employed by the Dutch company, carelessly mishandled the tug movement resulting in the injuries sustained by the claimant. The Court sided with the claimant notwithstanding that the injuries was caused by the tug captain, who was not under its employ, on the ground that the responsibility to keep a safe system of work was its personal responsibility and therefore, non-delegable. An action for breach of statutory duties necessarily requires that the employer has breached a provision of a statute or law. An equally important consideration in this action is the determination that the statute itself contemplates granting the claimant a right to a civil action. Thus, in one of the earliest of cases involving breach of statute, Grove v Lord Wimbourne,   the Court held that if the criminal statute, in this case the Factory and Workshop Act 1878, is found to be intended to provide civil remedy, then that statute can be made applicable to action for injuries sustain ed in the employment. However, the fact that many of these statutes do not actually specifically state whether private law is applicable or not makes the breach of statutory duty particularly difficult to pursue. In X and others (minors) v Bedforshire County Council,   a controversial HL decision which was subsequently criticised by the ECHR, the Court held, inter alia, that private law cause of action can arise if it is shown that the statute protects a limited class of citizens and Parliament.... However, the fact that many of these statutes do not actually specifically state whether private law is applicable or not makes the breach of statutory duty particularly difficult to pursue. In X and others (minors) v Bedforshire County Council,6 a controversial HL decision which was subsequently criticised by the ECHR, the Court held, inter alia, that private law cause of action can arise if it is shown that the statute protects a limited class of citizens and Parliament intended to confer to them such a right of action. A breach of statute case may be employed in Jack’s case on the basis of The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998, regulations, which the Secretary of State issued under the power conferred on him by the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974. Said regulations provide, inter alia, that equipment that carries specific risks shall be assigned for use only by specific persons who had prior training for its use. More significantly, the statute provides that it is the responsibility of the employer to ensure that dangerous parts of any machine used in the workplace should not have any access to any of the parts of the body of the worker, which could be done either by installing fixed guards or other protective parts.7 Although there is no express conferment of the right to bring an action of civil liability, there is a presumption that such will lie as was held in Thornton v Kirklees Metropolitan Borough Council.8 The Court held in that case that where the statute imposes a duty on an entity for the purpose of benefiting a specific class of persons, but does not expressly provide a form of relief, a civil action for damages is presumed to be

Inherited disease and pre-natal investigations Essay

Inherited disease and pre-natal investigations - Essay Example On the other hand, cystic fibrosis and sickle-cell anaemia are autosomal recessive which means that the diseases require two mutated copies of the specific gene to be inherited by the offspring, one each from either parent, in order to have the disease. Persons who inherit only one copy of a recessive mutation are carriers for the disease trait. The genetic or chromosomal abnormalities in the foetus can be identified through prenatal investigations in pregnant women. Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling (CVS) are two standard prenatal tests commonly performed during the first and second trimester of pregnancy. Generally, amniocentesis is done at 15-18 weeks' gestation and CVS at 10-12 weeks' gestation (Olney et al., 2001). Both are invasive screening procedures which are associated with risks to the foetus. Amniocentesis consists of removal of a small quantity of the amniotic fluid with the help of a hollow needle inserted into the uterus through the abdominal wall while CVS i nvolves biopsy of the placental cells (ScienceDaily, 2006). The foetal cells thus obtained are further analysed for genetic abnormalities. 2. Briefly explain what Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is. What characteristic smell is associated with MSUD? Describe briefly why keto-acids are present in MSUD. Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD), a branched-chain ketoaciduria, is a metabolism disorder caused by a gene defect (Haldeman-Englert, 2009). It is an autosomal recessive disease. Urine in this condition generally smells like maple syrup. As the primary defect in this disease lies in the genes related to the oxidative decarboxylation enzymes involved in the metabolism of the branched-chain amino acids such as leucine, isoleucine, and valine, there is an accumulation of the keto acids in the blood. The branched-chain keto acids (BCKA) accumulating in MSUD are ?-ketoisocaproic acid, ?-ketoisovaleric acid, and ?-keto-?-methylvaleric acid (Funchal et al., 2005). 3. Explain the terms: Matern al PKU Biopterin deficiency The term maternal phenylketonuria (PKU) refers to the teratogenic effects of PKU during pregnancy. It is a genetic condition in which the high levels of phenylalanine during pregnancy in women with PKU can increase the risk of mental retardation, low birth weight, and birth defects in the newborn (GDSP Medical Terminology Glossary, 2010). Biopterin deficiency or tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) deficiency comprises of heterogeneous autosomal recessive disorders. BH4 is a the cofactor for phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase, tyrosine-3-hydroxylase, and tryptophan-5-hydroxylase. Hence, the deficiencies are characterised by an imbalance in phenylalanine homeostasis, brain biosynthesis of catecholamine and serotonin (Scheinfeld and Jones, 2010). Like PKU, BH4 deficiencies impair developmental function. Some of the variants of BH4 deficiencies may be detected with PKU screening tests. 4. What is aminiotic fluid, and what does it mean when it produces a high salt content? The amniotic fluid is a clear, watery fluid that is found in the amniotic cavity. It is made up of the fluid that filters out of the maternal blood through the amniotic epithelium into the amniotic cavity as well as foetal constituents including urine, and exudates from the skin, the umbilical cord, the lungs and the kidneys (Trofatter, Jr. 2008). The osmolality (which is a measure of the amount of

Prompt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Prompt - Essay Example fluenced significant transformations in ways of life and in validating that this unifying force confirms universality of responsibility with one another. In the United States, a country known to have espoused diversity in culture, one is led to reflect on the arguments presented by Albright in terms of signifying the relevance of religion and faith in resolving political conflicts. More interesting, there seems to be great possibilities that the religious affiliations of members of the United States congress influence the kind of decisions in terms of design of policies and enforcing implementation. In this regard, one strongly believes that religion plays a crucial factor in influencing diplomatic policies and in facilitating resolution of political conflicts within the local and international sphere. When government leaders have signified and acknowledged affiliations to religious groups, as verified and attested within the chambers of the 111th congress, decisions regarding foreign policies, resolution of conflicts, and guiding principles towards governance are most likely to be defined and influenced by the religious teachings and traditions that are imbibed. For example, as cited by Albright, during her 1981 visit in Poland, significant changes were observed regarding the form of government until such time that Pope John Paul’s visit influenced the people to boldly profess their Catholic faith and openly express their intent to be liberated from the bonds of communism. Despite the government’s declaration that Pope John Paul was to be regarded an enemy of the state due to the convictions and threats posed by his teachings, the firm belief and adherence to faith exemplified by the greater majority, remarkably led to the liberate Poland, â€Å"brought down the Be rlin Wall, reunited Europe, and transformed the face of the world† (Albright 4). This fact proves that religion played an instrumental factor in resolving conflicts, regaining human rights, and

Essay Dramatistic Analysis on Breaking Bad Essay Example for Free

Essay Dramatistic Analysis on Breaking Bad Essay Cady is going to encounter psychological struggle and unwritten social rules that teenage girls face today. Through the Marxist perspective, the movie will be analyzed in order to show how sometimes the pull to conform to hegemony is so important that we have no choice that letting us be dragged to respect the established hierarchy. Mean Girls is an excellent artifact, worthy of investigation in the way that it shows how we expect teenage girls to act, but also how difficult it is for them to refrain from acting that way. When using the Marxist perspective, we begin by identifying the subject positions, as models or anti-models. Mean Girls provides clear subject positions about the models – characters that viewers are encouraged to want to be like, and the anti-models – characters that viewers are encouraged to no want to be like. Thus, the models appear to be â€Å"The Plastics†, a group composed of the three teenage girls Regina George, Gretchen Wieners and Karen Smith. By analyzing â€Å"The Plastics†, it seems like teenage girls need to follow a specific pattern in order to be popular. That is to say, on a physical standpoint, teenage girls need to be thin, pretty, and wear tight and revealing clothes, while on a behavioral standpoint, they spend their time gossiping, partying, dating, and talking about boys, rather than focusing on their academic success. On top of the hierarchy is Regina George, and the two other â€Å"Plastics† are her subordinate. On the contrary, the anti-models, challenging the status quo and considered as abnormal or undesirable are represented by Janice and Damien. Both of them are belonging to the oppressed group, or the group that is considered as â€Å"inferior† and â€Å"subordinate† to the dominant group. Mean Girls depicts how easy it is for a dominant group (â€Å"The Plastics†) to impose its ideology on other groups. The interests of the empowered group are then promoting as being natural. Indeed, in Mean Girls, the dominant social group keeps the control over the other groups because nobody dares challenging the authority claimed by â€Å"The Plastic†. â€Å"The Plastics† keep their status quo by oppressing and manipulating the other subordinate groups. They dictate how things should be. The positive power of popularity combined with the negative disempowerment of being unpopular and rejected ultimately reinforces hegemony. That is to say, those who are popular are empowered even if popularity is just a facade for these teenage girls, and those who are not popular are disempowered. By focusing on Cady Heron, and observing how from an innocent teenage girl, she becomes a terrible â€Å"Plastic†, we can deduce that once accepted by the dominant group, people have trouble in seeing the flaws and drawbacks of the hegemony they are in. In order for them to be aware of it, they have to become a member of the subordinate group. Only the anti-models characters are able to see how wrong is the hierarchy they live in, and are willing to change it in order to create a more equal system. Mean Girls proposed both a preferred and an oppositional view on the hegemony. Indeed, from the beginning to the middle of the movie, Mean Girls brings a preferred reading with Cady altering her original beliefs, joining the dominant group and becoming a â€Å"Plastic†. Cady’s desire to respect conformity can be explained by a need to fit in and avoid ridicule. As a consequence, the viewers, siding with her, support the status quo. On the other hand, from the middle to the end of the movie, Mean Girls gives an oppositional reading by considering that â€Å"The Plastics† ought not to be empowered, in order to have a more equal system. Indeed, by the middle of the movie, Cady understands that her destructive behavior made her loose her two closest friends (Janice and Damien). She also realizes she needs to stop acting like a â€Å"Plastic† and to categorize people according to superficial traits, and that she should start considering people according to different characteristics (intelligence over beauty for example). As a consequence, Cady, desirous of putting things right, starts to think how she could readjust the hegemony around her. Thus, she considers destroying the hegemony reigning at school in order to challenge the status quo. At that time, the movie gives the viewers an oppositional reading rejecting the hegemony. In spite of the casualty and frivolity of the topic addressed (teenage girls movie), Mean Girls is still interesting to study because it gives us some interesting and engaging acumen into Marxist perspective and hegemony. Mean Girls shows us how hard it is to resist hegemony when everyone else is subjected to it. Mean Girls also makes viewers being more critical about how hegemony is reproduced in regular patterns of life, like the passage in high school for example.

Lowering the Bar :: College Education School Essays

Lowering the Bar We have reached an era where everyone is expected to go to college, and educators are forcing this goal upon unwilling individuals to their great detriment. According to Barbara Schneider and David Stevenson in The Ambitious Generation: America's Teenagers, Motivated but Directionless, only fifty percent of twelfth graders surveyed in the 1950s expected to attend college, but by the 1990s, that number had increased to 90% (5). Much of this can be attributed to the increasing complexity of the American workplace—machinery has replaced most of the blue-collar jobs that existed five decades ago, and nearly every job requires some degree of technical sophistication. Much of it, however, cannot. Almost half of teenagers expecting to attend college â€Å"hope to get degrees that exceed the credentials needed for the occupations they want† (Schneider 6). Schneider calls this an example of misaligned ambitions, as the majority of teenagers â€Å"have high ambitions but no clear life plans for reaching them† (7). In the 1950s, high school students were segmented into different programs—vocational, commercial, general education, and college preparatory—but now, 95% of high schools in America are considered comprehensive (Schneider 113). This situation provides a difficult dichotomy, as high school graduates now are better educated than those who graduated in the 1950’s were; but where our grandparents could expect that a high school diploma would gain them a job in a company where they could advance for the rest of their career, current â€Å"adolescents believe the college diploma is the basic credential needed to obtain meaningful work† (Schneider 52). What 80% of college bound students do expect, however, is a professional occupation after college, compared to only 42% of previous generations (Schneider 5). So, while more people expect to go to college than before, more of those who expect to go to college also expect to be better rewarded for it than students in the 1950s. This is another example of misaligned ambitions, but were the majority of those students successful, it could be overlooked. Instead, what we are finding is that today’s students are not prepared to succeed in a university environment. Only 34% of students who were freshmen in 1989 finished their bachelor’s degree in four years, with an additional 24% finishing in five years. To look at these numbers on a smaller scale, my freshman suite can be considered as an example.

Should This Business Update To Windows 2000 From Windows 98 :: essays research papers

Should this business update to Windows 2000 from Windows 98 for its office PCs?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the business world today, computers and the software applications that run on them basically control an well-organized business. Every major company is equipped with a computer, or network that connects through different branches throughout the firm. To keep up with the fastest technology that dominates the market is to be a sensible buyer. A system can be outdated in a matter of two years time. Therefore, it is necessary for the business to update to Windows 2000 from Windows 98 for its office PCs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Windows 2000 is intended to the business world and others who are running large networks of computers. It has a lot of things going for it, but just because it has some advantages over Windows NT and Windows 98 doesn ¡Ã‚ ¦t mean everyone should try it. My purpose here is not to evaluate the software but to counsel caution before you undertake a major operating systems update. Even though Microsoft did a good job testing thousands of business applications, there are always rough spots in a transition. In fact, Microsoft has dedicated several Web pages to upgrade issues.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Once if you then decide to update, do it when you can devote time to the changeover. If you have multiple machines, make the change in stages running the old operating system during the transition.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First of all, the first thing is to determine that Windows 2000 is compatible with your machines. According to Windows 2000 ¡Ã‚ ¦s description,  ¡Ã‚ §you need, at minimum, a PC with a 133-MHz Pentium-compatible CPU, 64 megabytes of RAM and one gigabyte of disk space. It is better with a faster CPU (300 MHz or better) and several gigabytes of disk space. A bit more memory would be nice too. ¡Ã‚ ¨ Therefore, some small businesses would like to upgrade Windows 2000 but they are bound by their hardware. Actually, we can say that Microsoft has done a good job of ensuring that most business applications will work with Windows 2000. But before you take the plunge, be sure all the programs you depend on are compatible with it. Major applications such as accounting, word processing and database software probably will be OK, but some specialized programs, games and multimedia applications may not be compatible.

Measuring Calories and Structure and Role of Macronutrients

My hypothesis was incorrect for this experiment; the manufacturer’s calorie count was considerably higher than the results of this experiment. Originally I thought that the manufacturers would have a lower calorie count in order to attract more customers into eating their products. Major companies would have proper facilities to be able to correctly measure the amount of calories in their products; however there are several things that could have given a more accurate reading in the experiment. I believe that this is the reason why the results from the experiment were so different to that of the manufacturers. It is important to know exactly how many calories are in the food and drinks we consume, this is because our bodies only need a certain amount which we can work out with our BMR. BMR stands for Basal Metabolic Rate and to calculate this it takes into account the persons age, weight, height and average level of exercise. If someone who has a BMR of 2200 calories and they are consuming 2500 calories each day then that person will gradually gain weight unless they increase their level of exercise, using this same type of thinking it would work the other way around, if the same person consumed 2000 calories each day then they would gradually lose weight. Considering the experiment actually showed that the manufacturers have stated lower amount of calories I think that the main reason for this would be down to the experiment itself. If I could do this experiment again I would try to find a way to trap more of the heat and send it towards the can, in this experiment the foil was just below the can which could allow a lot of heat to be lost to the environment which could make the results show the calories were lower than they really are. Another factor that could affect the results is that the tin can itself could take some of the heat away from the water, the experiment requires the water to get heat to gather a reading however if the can must be heated before it can reach the water then heat energy will be lost in the process. One aspect of the experiment that I would definitely change if I did it again would be to test more foods and to test each one multiple times rather than just once each, this can ensure a more accurate reading. Explain how cells and tissues make use of macronutrients and review the scientific evidence that supports the idea that an individual with a high BMI may have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. To keep the human body functioning correctly it needs nourishment, through eating and drinking the body can get this. The most important nutrients the body requires are called macronutrients; they are called this because they are the big (macro) nutrients. There are three macronutrients that are vital for the body to survive and these are carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Carbohydrates can be obtained through consuming bread, cereals, honey or other sugars. These carbohydrates are the bodies main source of energy, once they are in the body they can be broken down in two ways, the simple sugars can be used straight away within the cells were as the more complex sugars need to be broken down by the enzymes in the gut to make them into the simpler sugars. Once these sugars are in the cells they can be used for internal respiration to help the cells and tissues to function. If not all the energy from the carbohydrates is required then the body can also store it as fat. Fats are used for two main purposes, the first being insulation. When the environment is too cold for the body to handle fats can help to insulate the heat and keep our bodies warm. The second use of fats is food storage, when the body is not getting enough energy from foods it can break down these food stores to produce extra needed energy. Fats can be obtained from foods such as butter or olive/sunflower oils. Proteins are the last macronutrient, these can be used for energy however this is not their main function. The main function of the proteins is the building and repair of tissues. Our muscles are made of an estimated 20% protein, when tissues such as muscles get damaged proteins are used to repair them so the body can function once more. Information provided by the BMJ (British Medical Journal) states that â€Å"research has shown children who have a high BMI between 9 and 12 years of age are more likely to have high blood pressure, cholesterol and blood insulin levels (all risk factors for developing heart disease) by the time they reach adolescence. † This shows that there is a link between BMI and the causes of cardiovascular disease. An individual’s BMI can be calculated by using their height and weight so it can tell you if you are over, under or the healthy weight. So this research is basically saying that if a child is overweight and continues to be overweight, the chances are they could develop symptoms that commonly lead to cardiovascular problems. Being overweight can be caused by the body storing too much fat, which in turn can be caused by eating too many fats and/or carbohydrates and not doing enough physical exercise. If a person has a high BMI it means that their body is getting more nourishment than it needs or is not using up enough of the carbohydrates leading to fat stores. Cardiovascular disease can be caused by a variety of different symptoms such as the ones mentioned in the report. An example of how these could be linked to having a high BMI could be high blood pressure, if there are fats or cholesterol blocking a part of the cardiovascular system, the heart will have to work harder to pump the blood around the body and by doing this it is causing unnecessary work for the heart, and this is what leads to more life threatening problems. What is the role of vitamins and minerals in the human diet? Give one example of each of the above that affect the same body tissue/organ if that are deficient. As well as the macronutrients the body also needs micronutrients (minerals) and vitamins. Examples of minerals would be calcium, iron, etc. These are important like the macronutrients however they are just needed in smaller doses giving them the name micro (small). Examples of vitamins would be vitamin C which is found in citrus fruits and vitamin K which can be found in leafy green foods such as broccoli or spinach. Much like minerals, these are important just like the macronutrients but these vitamins are just needed in very small doses. Examples of how these can affect the human body would be calcium and vitamin D. Calcium can be mainly found in dairy products as well as leafy green vegetables. Calcium is what builds and maintains our bones. Without calcium in our bodies bone density would decrease and would be more likely to suffer from breaks. As well as consuming enough calcium the body also relies on a healthy level of vitamin D, this is mostly produced in the skin through the use of ultra violet rays from the sun. Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption within the body. This means that bones rely on a healthy balance between both calcium and vitamin D. If the body is deficient in either one of these two nutrients the whole skeletal system could be at risk of developing problems such as ricketts or osteoporosis. Ricketts is when the bones a softened due to the lack of calcium present in them, causing them to be prone to fractures or deformity. Osteoporosis is when the bones become less dense causing them to weaken, become brittle and break. The main problem with osteoporosis is that once the bones have broken, they are difficult to heal again as there is simply not enough calcium to maintain them again.

An Essay on the History of Pickles

Let us commence a journey into the much travelled topic of history of pickles. In depth analysis of history of pickles can be an enriching experience. While it is becoming a hot topic for debate, spasmodically it returns to create a new passion amongst those who study its history. Since it was first compared to antidisestablishmentarianism much has been said concerning history of pickles by socialists, obviously. In the light of this I will break down the issues in order to give each of them the thought that they fully deserve Social FactorsSociety is a simple word with a very complex definition. Back when Vealinger reamarked ‘the power struggle will continue while the great tale of humanity remains untold’ [1] he failed to understand that if one seriously intends to ‘not judge a book by its cover', then one must read a lot of books. Much has been said about the influence of the media on history of pickles. Observers claim it is crunchy on the outside but soft in t he middle. Did I mention how lovely history of pickles is? It is intrinsically linked to adolescent inner acclimatisation. Economic FactorsIs unemployment inherently bad for an economy? Yes. We will primarily be focusing on the Custard-Not-Mustard model, making allowances for recent changes in interest rates. Inflation history of pickles It is apparent from the graph that the influence of history of pickles is strong. What is the secret to its strength? Of course inflation, ultimately decided by politicians, will always be heavily influenced by history of pickles due to its consistently high profile in the portfolio of investors. Supply Side Economic Tax Cuts Tax deductions could turn out to be a risky tactic. Political FactorsPolitics has in some areas been seen to embrace an increasing ananiathesis of intergovernmentalism leading to neo-functionalism. Placing theory on the scales of justice and weighing it against practice can produce similar results to contrasting 0 In the words of that most brilliant mind Augstin Lionel Forbes Dickinson ‘political change changes politics, but where does it go? ‘ [2] This quotation leads me to suspect that he was not unaccustomed to history of pickles. It speaks volumes. If I may be as bold as to paraphrase, he was saying that ‘political ideals are built on the solid cornerstone of history of pickles. Where do we go from here? Only time will tell. Conclusion In conclusion, history of pickles plays a large part in the lives of all. It brings peace, puts out ‘fires', and figures show it's a winning formular. I'll leave you with this quote from Demi Lopez: ‘I wouldn't be where I am today without history of pickles. ‘ [3] [1] Vealinger – Turtle Power – 2003 ICJ [2] Dickinson – I Am The Dickinster – 1999 Hughs Books [3] Everything you always wanted to know about history of pickles, but were afraid to ask. – Issue 287 – QKS Publishing

Ben and Jerry’s is still committed

It has come to our attention that you have noticed an inadequate amount of cookie and chocolate in one of our products that you have purchased. I would just like to inform you that we put hard work and long hours in making our products have the best quality. However, during the production process, there are times that the chunking equipment for nuts, chocolates and cookies would be inconsistent resulting to uneven ratios of ingredients put in the ice creams.In line with this, we will be forwarding your concern to the production department so that we can continue to satisfy the needs and wants of our customers and prevent these things from happening again. To compensate your dissatisfaction, we would gladly refund the cost of the one pint of ice cream that you have bought. We will be sending you a check via mail as soon as possible. You would most likely receive the payment within two weeks. Meanwhile, regarding your query about our dairy operations in Nevada, the management decided t o set up there in order to supply our products to ice cream eaters residing on the West Coast.Through this, we would be saving energy and money because there will be no more need to transport milk from coast to coast. Also, this is our way of helping the environment because this will help in reducing carbon emissions caused by gas-powered vehicles. Despite this strategic move, we still want to assure you that Ben and Jerry’s is still committed in practicing our rural values and displaying our Vermont roots through our products. On another note, we are happy to hear that you support our stand against the use of milk from cloned cows.More so, we appreciate that most of our customers express their viewpoints on critical issues such as this one where our food and health are at stake. We, at Ben Jerry’s, really do appreciate your inquiry regarding these matters. I hope that you will still continue to patronize our products because we will never cease to put our best in maki ng Ben and Jerry’s the ice cream brand that you can trust and enjoy! Sincerely, Alice Blachly Customer Affairs Coordinator/

Stereotypes in the media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Stereotypes in the media - Essay Example We might care to say one thing or the other that is in complete opposition to these stereotypes but we do not dare do something about it. The whole thinking mindset thus needs to be changed for the better if we want to abolish the whole concept of the ever remaining stereotypes present within the media. To start with, advertising and media communications is all about conveying a single, unified message down to the target audience in a manner which meshes along well both with the client’s budget as well as the aspirations and expectations of the people for whom the brand is being marketed or advertised. It is formed on the basis of psychological and physiological movements which are studied by the advertising and marketing people so that the client (the company people) also remain happy and their business flourishes in the longer run. However, to get this very message down to the intended people is not an easy job to start with. It needs to be very targeted, precise and significant for them in order for them to take notice and understand that the particular brand connects with them in the best and most easiest of manners possible and hence they should be the ones to buy it for themselves and for this reason satisfy their need or even please themselves more than they had alrea dy expected. It is a sure tough job for the people who have to extract the perfect message which needs to be sharpened again and again before it actually gets down to the right kind of people who will make the actual purchase and therefore the product will be sold in the end. However, on the flip side of the coin, this requires selling the product or the brand in the mind of the consumer before he actually decides to go and buy the very same. This is refereed as the pre-selling stage and advertising has got a lot to do with it. Psychologically speaking, children connect with what is

IT-LMS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

IT-LMS - Essay Example The researcher discussed the possible frameworks for introducing LMS for the first time at an institution or for migrating from one LMS system to another. This research paper also highlighted the way this technology can negatively affect pedagogy at institutions as instructors are forced to teach in certain ways. The researcher discussed this challenge in depth within the context of modern distance education programs that incorporate blended learning. Today’s education system still largely resembles the industrial age despite of the society’s shift to the so-called Information Age. In the industrial age, education placed the onus for learning on teachers and kept students passive. All students were treated as being the same with all expected to grasp and do the same tasks in the same amount of time (W. Watson & S. Watson, 2007). In today’s world, education stakeholders are demanding a more learner-centered education system to support the customized pace of instruction. It is difficult to see how it will be possible to achieve these new customized learning processes for individual learners without technology playing a central role. For this reason, over the past decade, there has been increased use of computers in education (W. Watson & S. Watson, 2007). This increased use of computers in education has resulted in literature that has an array of non-standardized terms and acronyms. The three more popular technologies often cited in the literature are Course Management Systems (CMS), Learning Management Systems (LMS), and Learning Content Management Systems (LCMS) (Coates, James, & Baldwin, 2005; W. Watson & S. Watson, 2007). LMS and these related technologies have the potential to meet these needs of today’s learners. This research will be focused on the integrated computer systems known as Learning Management Systems (LMS). It is therefore important to understand LMS, its merits and demerits, the way to implement it in institutions of

Describe the product or service your business provides and a Essay

Describe the product or service your business provides and a description of the market it serves - Essay Example A number of football clubs (such as Manchester United, FCB Barcelona) in Europe make enormous amount of money through merchandizing. Apart from club’s official products, goods such as jerseys, hats, watches, bags, mugs etc. can also be brought at specialist sports shops in Europe. Despite a late start, Soccer has been growing its popularity in US In the past few decades. America’s better than expected international performance in the recent FIFA World Cup has lifted people’s interest in the sport. My business idea is to develop a chain of specialist sports shops deal in soccer merchandize and sports equipment. The following write-up describes the business idea in detail in terms of the overall market, anticipated growth and competition, products description and marketing plan. Soccer Market in US Over the last few decades, professional and amateur soccer has made noteworthy strides in the US. As of 2007, there were 14 million soccer players and over 2 million hou seholds having young soccer participants in the country. The following graph shows the comparison of sports popularity in different age groups implying that it is a youth-centered sport in America. Because of this, soccer has attracted the attention of advertisers from companies such as Starbucks, Addidas, Nike and other youth oriented products. Major League Soccer (MLS) and US Soccer Leagues are the two best known soccer leagues in US with over 16 member Clubs. Soccer in US gained more recognition with the arrival of foreign football stars such as David Beckham, Thierry Henry, Freddie Ljungberg and Cuauhtemoc Blanco playing for MLS clubs. The richest club in US, LA Galaxy is worth $100 million (2008). As the game has gained such wide acceptance in US, it is a great market for merchandizing business adopting the European model. Business Idea The concept behind my business idea is to build a specialist soccer outlet selling all products and goods related to soccer including soccer ge ar, equipment and related goods. Soccer Merchandise Products: The following chart gives an overview of the products that would be sold at my Soccer Specialty Store (SSS) for various clubs and leagues: Distribution Channels: In the business of sports retail, it is essential to have and efficient supplier chain and distribution channel in order to make profits. As there are number of players in the supplier chain such as team/club or league dealers or distributors, my competitive advantage will be retail locations and outreach to customers. Apart from consumer retail store, online distribution channels would help reduce inventory and administrative expenses. Marketing: The success of consumer retail sales depends on a number of factors such as retail store location, prices, promotions and consumer demand. My retail stores location will be vicinity to major universities and schools, preferably with high number of international students (as soccer is more popular abroad). The prices of the products would be competitive to other stores such as addidas etc. Personalized items would be higher priced. Since, I am targeting students and their parents as my potential customers, promotional activities such as free passes to soccer matches, group or team discounts would be given. Competition: The competition in US in the soccer merchandising industry is not intense as in Europe but is developing. Major League Soccer

Cause & Effect ( poverty ) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cause & Effect ( poverty ) - Essay Example The main reason for this writing is to discuss some of the causes and effects of poverty which is a major pandemic in the globally particularly in Africa and Asia. Population has really gone high in the world thus resulting into overpopulation which eventually exerts a lot of pressure on the available limited resources such as land that could have been used in food production and even few employment resources that cannot satisfy the excess population. Overpopulation has contributed to poor planning in many nations particularly in the Africa and Asia since the governments of these countries do not have enough resources such as proper education and adequate food to cater for the excess population. Overpopulation and human activities has also led to environmental degradation which has really deteriorated the natural resources such as soil and water hence hindering food production and cash crop farming which may be essential in acquiring wealth. According to White & Luttik (1994), â€Å"Poverty is a major cause and effect of global environmental problems† (p. 110). Lack of adequate education and employment is one of the major causes of poverty since most countries cannot sufficiently afford to provide good schools and colleges as well as enough employment to their population. Inadequate education may prevent an individual from acquiring nice job that may eventually lead to a better life. According to Combat Poverty Agency (2013), â€Å"Being unemployed or in a low-paid job makes people more likely to be poor† (Web).Some other causes of poverty are availability of many younger and old people, long term illness or disability, single parenting and living in a disadvantaged community. Some of the effects of poverty are social tensions that divide a nation because of poor distribution of wealth such that a few people have all the money. Poor people cannot afford good housing thus making them to

Defense Ethics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Defense Ethics - Assignment Example In this regard, any decision is evaluated, reviewed and premised on protecting the rights and interests of people, which, as noted, â€Å"is consistent with accepted views on ethics, since ethics is generally concerned with principles and obligations that govern all actions and practices† (Defense Ethics Program, January 2002, p. 6).More precisely, the three general principles contained in the DEP are as follows: (1) Principle 1: Respect and dignity of all persons; (2) Principle II: Serve Canada before self; and (3) Principle III: Obey and support lawful authority† (PSE402, 2010, p. 6/8).b.   Ethical obligationsFrom a review of Lesson 10 and from the guidelines presented under the Fundamentals of Canadian Defence Ethics,   the six ethical obligations contained in the DEP are: (1) Integrity (â€Å"the requirement to consistently give precedence to ethical values in our decisions and actions† (Defense Ethics Program, January 2002, p. 11); (2) Loyalty (â€Å"sta nding by their commitments to the nation† (Defense Ethics Program, January 2002, p. 12); where keeping promises (identified as closely related to the obligation of loyalty where in this case, honouring promises are identified as crucial) fall under this category; (3) Courage (â€Å"facing up to and dealing with anything that is recognized as dangerous, difficult, or a cause of pain, instead of avoiding it†; (4) Honesty (practice of being open, frank and sincere in dealings and endeavours).... To response to the question on moral grounds, one can use the readings from Lesson 11 stipulating that although â€Å"loyalty is a functional military necessity, which also implies the need for obedience... (where) most orders do not require blind obedience or instantaneous obedience... (and where) loyalty should be broadly based on personal integrity and trust† (PSE 402: Lesson 11, 2010, p. 4). Further, as emphasized in the same discourse, â€Å"although immediate obligation is to the chain of command, the highest obligation is to humanity at large† (PSE 402: Lesson 11, 2010, p. 6). In addition, another relevant point presented under Lesson 11 is Huntington’s discussion of justifying obedience versus disobedience, to wit: â€Å"Huntington is only referring to lawful orders. He does not imply that a subordinate is obligated to obey a clearly unlawful order† (PSE 402: Lesson 11, 201, p. 8). With the foregoing supporting statements, as AWWO, one should clear ly disobey the Captain’s order (presuming scenario 2 that the Captain deliberately intends to report inaccurate results) due to unlawful order, which is contrary to moral grounds and disregards professionalism in terms of integrity and the obligation to uphold the highest standards of the military profession for the sake of humanity. When one decides to obey the order, which in the first place was unlawful, it would be a precursor for future orders that could be given and expected to be followed despite of being based on lies and immoral grounds. One should remain steadfast in adhereing to the values of truth, integrity, and honor above loyalty to unworthy and compromising cause. 2. Using the Statement of Defence Ethics in the Fundamentals of Canadian Defence Ethics (2002), identify ethical

Punishment in the Holocaust Essay Example for Free

Punishment in the Holocaust Essay The Holocaust was an event in history that people would like to pretend never happened however in reality it will never be forgotten. Hitler came into power in 1933 and wanted to create the master race, meaning the Aryan race (Ushmm, 2013). The Jews, along with other groups such as the gypsies, were not included in this superior race. He thought of them as inferior and knew he had to expel them from the world. The word Holocaust means a burnt sacrifice offered solely to God (Niewyk, 2011). Once the Holocaust was over around 6 million Jews had been persecuted by the Nazis (Ushmm, 2013). Hitler had established the New Order and wanted it to apply to all of the people in Europe. Some people were in shock and others tried to adjust to the changes, however some people did accept Nazism (Lyons, 2010). The fear of communism and desire for order in their country motivated them to feel this way. Germans were the chosen people in the new order, including Scandinavians, the Dutch, Luxembourgers, German speaking Swiss, Flemish Belgians and the English. Hitler considered all these places to be a part of a Greater German Empire, except the English. Hitler was willing to let them keep their independence if they had a positive attitude (Lyons, 2010). Hitler wanted all of these countries in the Greater Reich. The Jews were not included in this and from the start Hitler did not approve of them. Hitler had planned to expel the Jews from Germany and other territories under his rule from the time he came into power. The Jews were the damned and from the start of Hitlers rule they never stood a chance. At first Hitlers goal was to make their life miserable to get them to leave Germany. Some of them left but a majority of them stayed. Some didnt have the money to leave and others did not want to leave because Germany was their homeland and thought that this may be temporary. Other groups, such as the gypsies also faced terrible treatment, but no group faced the kind of treatment and punishment that the Jews did (Lyons, 2010). In 1935, Nazi thugs attacked Jewish shops and beat them in the streets. These continued attacks on them created the Nuremberg laws (The holocaust: an introductory). These laws took away the German citizenship of the Jews and also didnt allow sexual relations or marriage between Jews and Germans. The situation became worse in 1938 when a Jew assassinated an official of the German embassy in Paris. After this attack the Nazis killed 100 Jews and arrested 30,000 others (Lyons, 2010). Their synagogues and shops were burned and destroyed. So much glass was broken in the city this event became known as Kristallnacht meaning Night of Crystal Glass. Following Kristallnacht, Jews were forced to pay heavy reparations; Nazis captured Jewish businesses and required businesses to dismiss Jewish employees. These chains of events led to more and more Jews to leave the country in 1938 and 939 (Lyons, 2010). Hitler decided that the final solution to the Jewish question was extermination. The Jews were considered to be the lice of civilized humanity and needed to be eliminated completely (Lyons, 2010). Hitler wanted to take over the island of Madagascar to make it the permanent Jewish homeland. However, the Germans 2010). By 1941, people that were identified as a Jew in any place considered German territory had to wear a yellow star on their clothing (The holocaust). This made them targets to Nazis along with people in society, everyone knew whether someone was a Jew or not. The Nazis created the first Jewish ghetto in October 1939 in the Polish city called Lodz. Others were soon created afterwards. These ghettos were holding transit places for the Jews; they were sent to these ghettos, detained there and then eventually sent to the concentration camps. The Germans set up a council called Judenrat in each ghetto. The members of the council had to administer the ghettos and send Jews to the death camps (Lyons, 2010). When men and women got to the ghettos they were separated from each other along with their kids. The boys went with the fathers and the girls went with their mothers. They were subjected to terrible conditions. Thousands of people became human guinea pigs in medical experiments. These experiments included the effects of freezing human beings, subjecting them to intense air pressure, and sterilizing women (Lyons, 2010). Some were infected on purpose with diseases such as typhus and exposed to mustard gas. The Nazis purposely made the living conditions unbearable. The largest ghetto was Warsaw. Around 400,000 people were confined to an area of about 2. 5 miles making it nearly impossible to move. (Jewish life during the Holocaust). 19 foot walls onfined the people in to keep them separate from the rest of society. Guards paroled the area constantly, making sure no Jews were trying to escape. If one was caught they were killed. Different diseases broke out and spread extremely fast due to the fact that everyone was living on top of each other. No medical care was given to those who needed it so they suffered until they died. Others died from starvation due to the lack of food they got. Some people killed themselves because they could not handle the physical or emotional pain any longer (Jewish life during the Holocaust). Concentration and death camps were the two different types of camps created as a place for the Jews to be sent to (Jewish life during the Holocaust). Concentration camps were for prisoners to do forced labor where they had striped uniforms, armbands or labels to identify what type of prisoner they were. Different colors represented different groups. Death camps were created for mass murder and immediate death. At death camps people originally were shot or killed in gas vans. The people would be locked into the van and when the driver pressed the accelerator carbon monoxide gas was released, killing them. Even though concentration camps seemed better than death camps, people there still faced terrible, cruel, and horrific punishments (Jewish life during the Holocaust). It in a way was worse than death camps because at least there you were immediately killed. People suffered and endured harsh treatments in concentration camps. Prisoners there eventually died from starvation, disease or horrific treatment from the Nazis. Some were even sent to death camps, where there they would be killed (Jewish life during the Holocaust). The earliest concentration camp established was Dachau located in Germany in 1933 nd the earliest death camp established was Auschwitz in 1940 located in Poland (Rosenberg). Auschwitz was both a death camp and a concentration camp. The fate of the people and what camp they would be in was decided upon arrival. By December 1941, six death camps were using gas to kill the Jews. Five were located in southwestern Poland called Auschwitz. Eventually this camp included 3 camps and 45 sub-camps. Auschwitz camp was responsible for murdering 1. 1 million people, mainly Jews. There were three different locations of Auschwitz, known as Auschwitz (the main one), Auschwitz 2(Birkenau) and Auschwitz 3 (Buna-Monowitz). Auschwitz 1 is where Block 11 and Black Wall located. Block 11 was a place where the prisoners were severely tortured and the Black Wall was where they were executed (Rosenberg). This camp was mainly for housing prisoners and subjecting them to medical experiments. Nazi doctors would pick people upon arrival to perform experiments on. They usually picked dwarfs, twins and anyone that looked unique. One type of experiment done was injecting substances into womens uteruses and exposing them to X-rays to make them sterile. Another one was experimenting on identical twins trying to find a way to clone people. This type of experiment was performed because Hitler was interested in creating the master race so if he found a way to clone it would be easier to accomplish his goal. Auschwitz 2 was created in 1942 right outside of the original Auschwitz. It was larger than the main one, housing the most prisoners. This is where the selections and most killings took place. Auschwitz 3 was used mainly to house the forced-laborers (Rosenberg). Jews, along with gypsies and homosexuals were put in filthy, small, cattle cars on trains to be ent to Auschwitz. It was extremely overcrowded and uncomfortable, many people died in the trains before they even reached the camps. The train would stop at Auschwitz 2, forcing the people to get off and stand on what was known as the ramp (Rosenberg). They were split up into 2 different lines. The left line was for people who looked unfit, unhealthy, the elderly, children or women and the right line was for those who looked strong and were young men. The left line meant you were going to be executed immediately by the gas chambers and the right line meant you were going to become a prisoner at the camp (Rosenberg). The prisoners who were allowed to live usually died later on from starvation, torture, forced labor and exposure. The people who were sent to the left line had no idea what that really meant, the Nazis kept this a secret from them. They were told they would be sent to work but first needed showers to disinfect them. Originally carbon monoxide gas was what was used to kill them (gas vans) however; Commandant Rudolf Hoss replaced it with Zyklon-B crystals. This lethal gas could kill 24,000 humans in a day. Jews were taken into buildings that looked like bathhouses and were told to get undressed for a hower. Once the shower was turned on the Zyklon-B crystals were released from the showerhead, walls vents, ceiling and windows killing Jews in minutes (Lyons, 2010). Once they realized what was happening they went into a complete panic. They climbed over each other, trying to find an area to breathe, scratched at any opening trying to get out until their fingers bled. The Germans selected certain Jewish prisoners that showed to be of useful strength to be members of Sonderkommando. These members were responsible for sending the Jews to the gas chambers, ollecting their bodies once dead and then burning them in crematoriums (Lyons, 2010). The people that were spared immediate death to become workers were subjected to terrible living conditions that were punishment in itself. Many died from starvation, intense work labor and disease (Ushmm, 2013). There would be three usually was a bowl of soup and bread. These terrible conditions were done intentionally to starve and work the prisoners to death. The Germans tried to keep the camps and extermination a secret from the world. However, by 1941 the news began to flood through Germany, Allied countries along ith neutral countries. At first people were doubtful and in disbelief but by 1942 they knew that this was really happening. In 1944, the Allies started to take over the camps and the liberated the first one in Poland (Hitlerschildren). Soon, more camps were liberated with Auschwitz being liberated in 1945. The German forces surrendered on May 7, 1945. There were around 50,000-100,000 survivors living in Europe after the end of the Holocaust. The Jews were treated this way for no reason other than them being Jewish. Hitler wanted them completely expelled from the orld because he did not see them as a part of the Aryan race. He thought of them being inferior and himself and the race he wanted was superior. They did nothing wrong, they were not criminals; they did not deserve to be punished or subjected to the terrible kinds of treatment. Hitler simply did not want Jews to be a part of society. He also blamed the Jews for Germans loss of WWI, along with problems that Germany was facing such as unemployment, poverty and starvation (Jewish life during the Holocaust). He wanted to torture, punish, and make them suffer in the most horrific and appalling ways possible. They were mentally, physically and emotionally punished. He used manipulation and deception in his tactics. The Jews were lied to about nearly everything. They were deported from the ghettos to camps easily because the Nazis told them they were being moved to someplace else where life would be better for them. Once they got to Auschwitz camp and were separated into the left and right lines, having no idea what those lines really meant. The Nazis purposely did not tell them because they knew they would try and fght back. Hitler knew he had to keep this a secret in order for the mass murders to be successful. They were told they were going to work but needed to be disinfected first. Having them believe they were going to take a shower, when really they were walking into their deaths. The ones that the Nazis kept alive and sent to concentration camps were kept alive to work. Not for themselves to make money but for Germany. They were sent to factories, coalmines and farms (Daily life). This was free labor and free workers, therefore Germany was benefiting by them. These ideas of punishment and treatment are still seen in the present. The Holocaust was a genocide and there have been many since and still are in present day. The Rwandan genocide took place in 1994 in East Africa between the Tutsis and Hutus (Genocide in Rwanda). Over a span of 100 days around 800,000 people were killed. The Hutus brutally killed and slaughtered the Tutsis, murdering them with any kind of weapon they could find or make. They had to flee from their homes and seek refuge, trying to hide and escape their death. There also is an ongoing genocide in Darfur, Sudan where over 300,000 people have died (Sudan backgrounder). After the attack on Pearl Harbor any person living on the west coast that was of Japanese heritage was place in nternment camps (Japanese-American internment ) They did nothing wrong and were not a part of the attack on Pearl Harbor but since they had Japanese in them people in the USA were paranoid and wanted them gone.